Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net 1867-8610 3 3 2010 10.5194/amtd-3-2651-2010 http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/3/2651/2010/ http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/3/2651/2010/amtd-3-2651-2010.html http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/3/2651/2010/amtd-3-2651-2010.pdf 2651 2680 2010-06-24 Satellite remote sensing of Asian aerosols: a case study of clean, polluted and dust storm days K. H. Lee khlee@kiu.ac.kr Y. J. Kim Dept. of Satellite Geoinformatics Engineering, Kyungil University, Geongsan 712-701, Republic of Korea Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea Satellite-based aerosol observation is a useful tool for the estimation of microphysical and optical characteristics of aerosol during more than three decades. Until now, a lot of satellite remote sensing techniques have been developed for aerosol detection. In East Asian region, the role of satellite observation is quite important because aerosols originating from natural and man-made pollution in this region have been recognized as an important source for regional and global scale air pollution. However, it is still difficult to retrieve aerosol over land because of the complexity of the surface reflection and complex aerosol composition, in particular, aerosol absorption. In this study, aerosol retrievals using Look-up Table (LUT) based method was applied to MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level 1 (L1) calibrated reflectance data to retrieve aerosol optical thickness (AOT) over East Asia. Three case studies show how the methodology works to identify those differences to obtain a better AOT retrieval. The comparison between the MODIS and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) shows better results when the suggested methodology using the cluster based LUTs is applied (linear slope=0.94, <I>R</I>=0.92) than when operational MODIS aerosol products are used (linear slope=0.78, <I>R</I>=0.87). In conclusion, the suggested methodology is shown to work well with aerosol models acquired by statistical clustering the observation data in East Asia. Ackerman, S. A., Strabala, K., Menzel, P., Frey, R., Moeller, C., Gumley, L., Baum, B., Seeman, S. W., and Zhang, H.: Discriminating clear-sky from cloud with MODIS. Algorithm theoretical basis document (MOD35), J. Geophys. Res., 103(D24), 32141–32157, 1998. AERONET inversion: http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/Documents/Inversion_products_V2.pdf, 2010. AERONET criteria: http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/PDF/AERONETcriteria_final1.pdf, 2010. AERONET: http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov, 2010. Andrews, E., Sheridan, P. J., Fiebig, M., McComiskey, A., Ogren, J. A., Arnott, P., Covert, D., Elleman, R., Gasparini, R., Collins, D., Jonsson, H., Schmid, B., and Wang, J.: Comparison of methods for deriving aerosol asymmetry parameter, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D05S04, doi:10.1029/2004JD005734, 2006. d'Almeida, G. A., Koepke, P., and Shettle, E. P.: Atmospheric aerosols: Global climatology and radiative characteristic, A Deepak Publishing, Hampton, Virginia, 561 pp., 1991. Diner, D., Beckert, J., Reilly, T. H., Bruegge, C., Conel, J. E., Kahn, R. A., Martonchik, J., Ackerman, T. P., Davies, R., Gerstl, S. A. W., Gordon, H., Muller, J.-P., Myneni, R. B., Sellers, P. J., Pinty, B., and Verstraete, M. M.: Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument description and experiment overview, IEEE T. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 36(4), 1072–1087, 1998. Dubovik, O. and King, M. D.: A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 20673–20696, 2000. Dubovik, O., Smirnov, S., Holben, B. N., King, M. D., Kaufman, Y. J., Eck, T. F., and Slutsker, I.: Accuracy assessment of aerosol optical properties retrieved from AERONET Sun and sky radiance measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D8), 9791–9806, 2000. Gordon, H. R. and Wang, M.: Retrieval of water-leaving radiance and aerosol optical thickness over the oceans with Sea-WiFS: A preliminary algorithm, Appl. Optics, 33, 443–452, 1994. Hess, M., Koepke, P., and Schult, I.: Optical Properties of Aerosols and clouds: The software package OPAC, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79, 831–844, 1998. Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Slutsker, I., Tanré,D., Buis, J. P., Setzer, A., et al.: AERONET – A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization, Rem. Sens. Environ., 66, 1–16, 1998. Ichoku, C., Kaufman, Y. J., Remer, L. A., and Levy, R.: Global aerosol remote sensing from MODIS, Adv. Space Res., 34, 820–827, 2004. IPCC: Climate Change: The Science Basis, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 870 pp., 2007. Jeong, M. J., Li, Z., Chu, D. A., and Tsay, S.-T.: Quality and compatibility analyses of global aerosol products derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers and the Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D10S09, doi:10.1029/2004JD004648, 2005. Kahn, R. A., Gaitley, B. J., Martonchik, J. V., Diner, D. J., Crean, K. A., and Holben, B.: Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) global aerosol optical depth validation based on 2 years of coincident Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D10S04, doi:10.1029/2004JD004706, 2005. Kaufman, L. and Rousseeuw, P. J.: Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990. Kaufman, Y. J. and Tanré, D.: Algorithm For Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Aerosol from MODIS, Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document, ATBD-MOD-02, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 1998. Kaufman, Y. J., Tanré, D., Remer, L., Vermote, E. F., Chu, A., Holben, B. N.: Operational remote sensing of tropospheric aerosol over the land from EOS-MODIS, J. Geophys. Res., 102(14), 17051–17068, 1997b. Kaufman, Y. J., Wald, A. E., Remer, L. A., Gao, B. C., Li, R.-R., and Flynn, L.: The MODIS 2.1-mm channel correlation with visible reflectance for use in remote sensing of aerosol, IEEE T. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 35, 1286–1298, 1997a. King, D. M., Kaufman, Y. J., Tanre, D., and Nakajima, T.: Remote sensing of tropospheric aerosols from space: past, present, and future, B. Am. Meterol. Soc., 80(11), 2229–2259, doi:10.1175/1520-0477, 1999. Kinne, S., Schulz, M., Textor, C., Guibert, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S. E., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T. F., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Collins, W., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Easter, R., Feichter, J., Fillmore, D., Ghan, S., Ginoux, P., Gong, S., Grini, A., Hendricks, J., Herzog, M., Horowitz, L., Isaksen, I., Iversen, T., Kirkevåg, A., Kloster, S., Koch, D., Kristjansson, J. E., Krol, M., Lauer, A., Lamarque, J. F., Lesins, G., Liu, X., Lohmann, U., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Seland, O., Stier, P., Takemura, T., and Tie, X.: An AeroCom initial assessment – optical properties in aerosol component modules of global models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1815–1834, doi:10.5194/acp-6-1815-2006, 2006. Kokhanovsky, A. A., Breon, F. M., Cacciari, A., Carboni, E., Diner, D., Di Nicolantonio, W., Grainger, R. G., Grey, W. M. F., Höller, R., Lee, K. H., Li, Z., North, P. R. J., Sayer, A., Thomas, G., and von Hoyningen-Huene, W.: Aerosol remote sensing over land: satellite retrievals using different algorithms and instruments, Atmos. Res., 85(3–4) 379–394, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2007.02.008, 2007. Kokhanovsky, A. A., Curer, R. L., de Leeuw, G., Grey, W. M. F., Lee,~K. H.,~Bennouna,~Y., Shoemaker, R., and North, P. R. J.: The inter-comparison of AATSR dual view aerosol optical thickness retrievals with results from various algorithms and instruments, Int. J. Rem. Sens., 30(17), 4525–4537, doi:10.1080/01431160802578012, 2009a. Kokhanovsky, A. A., Deuzé, J. L., Diner, D. J., Dubovik, O., Ducos, F., Emde, C., Garay, M. J., Grainger, R. G., Heckel, A., Herman, M., Katsev, I. L., Keller, J., Levy, R., North, P. R. J., Prikhach, A. S., Rozanov, V. V., Sayer, A. M., Ota, Y., Tanré, D., Thomas, G. E., and Zege, E. P.: The inter-comparison of major satellite aerosol retrieval algorithms using simulated intensity and polarization characteristics of reflected light, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 2, 3369–3439, doi:10.5194/amtd-2-3369-2009, 2009b. Lee, K. H., Li, Z., Kim, Y. J., and Kokhanovsky, A.: Aerosol monitoring from satellite observations: a history of three decades, Atmospheric and Biological Environmental Monitoring, edited by: Kim, Y. J., Platt, U., Gu, M. B., and Iwahashi, H., Springer, 13–38, doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9674-7, 2009. Lee, K. H., Kim, Y. J., von Hoyningen-Huene, W., and Burrows, J. P.: Spatio-Temporal Variability of Atmospheric Aerosol from MODIS data over Northeast Asia in 2004, Atmos. Environ., 41(19), 3959–3973, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.01.048, 2007. Levy, R. C., Remer, L. A., Mattoo, S., Vermote, E. F., and Kaufman, Y. J.: Second-generation operational algorithm: Retrieval of aerosol properties over land from inversion of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer spectral reflectance, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D13211, doi:10.1029/2006JD007811, 2007. Li, C., Lau, A. K. H., Mao, J., and Chu, A.: Retrieval, validation, and application of the 1-km aerosol optical depth from MODIS measurements over Hong Kong, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 43(11), 2650–2658, 2005. Li, Z., Niu, F., Lee, K.-H., Xin, J., Hao, W.-M., Nordgren, B., Wang, Y., and Wang, P.: Validation and understanding of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aerosol products (C5) using ground-based measurements from the handheld Sun photometer network in China, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22S07, doi:10.1029/2007JD008479, 2007. Liu, L. and Mishchenko, M. I.: Toward unified satellite climatology of aerosol properties: direct comparisons of advanced level 2 aerosol products, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 109(14), 2376–2385, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2008.05.003, 2008. Mi, W., Li, Z., Xia, X., Holben, B., Levy, R., Zhao, F., Chen, H., and Cribb, M.: Evaluation of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aerosol products at two Aerosol Robotic Network stations in China, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22S08, doi:10.1029/2007JD008474, 2007. Mishchenko, M. I., Geogdzhayev, I. V., Cairns, B., Carlson, B. E., Chowdhary, J., Lacis, A. A., Liu, L., Rossow, W. B., and Travis, L. D.: Past, present, and future of global aerosol climatologies derived from satellite observations: a perspective, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans., 106(1–3), 325–347, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.01.007, 2007. Omar, A. H., Won, J.-G., Winker, D. M., Yoon, S.-C., Dubovik, O., and McCormick, M. P.: Development of global aerosol models using cluster analysis of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D10S14, doi:10.1029/2004JD004874, 2005. Rao, C. R. N., McClain, E. P., and Stowe, L. L.: Remote sensing of aerosols over the oceans using AVHRR data theory, practice, and applications, Int. J. Remote Sens., 10(4–5), 743–749, 1989. Ricchiazzi, P., Yang, S., Gautier, C., and Sowle, D.: SBDART: A research and teaching software tool for plane-parallel radiative transfer in the Earth's atmosphere, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79(10), 2101–2114, 1998. Sheridan, P. J., Delene, D. J., and Ogren, J. A.: Four years of continuous surface aerosol measurements from the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains Cloud and Radiation Testbed site, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D18), 20735–20748, 2001. Shettle, E. P. and Fenn, R. W.: Models for the aerosols of the lower atmosphere and the effects of humidity variations on their optical properties, AFGLTR- 79-0214, US Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts, 1979. Song, C. H., Park, M. E., Lee, K. H., Ahn, H. J., Lee, Y., Kim, J. Y., Han, K. M., Kim, J., Ghim, Y. S., and Kim, Y. J.: An investigation into seasonal and regional aerosol characteristics in East Asia using model-predicted and remotely-sensed aerosol properties, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6627–6654, doi:10.5194/acp-8-6627-2008, 2008. Soufflet, V., Tanré, D., Royer, A., and O'Neill, N. T.: Remote sensing of aerosols over boreal forest and lake water from AVHRR data, Rem. Sens. Environ., 60, 22–34, 1997. Stowe, L. L.: Cloud and aerosol products at NOAA/ NESDIS, Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol., 90, 25–32, 1991. Streets, D. G., Bond, T. C., Carmichael, G. R., et al.: An inventory of gaseous and 10 primary aerosol emissions in Asia in the year 2000, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8809, doi:10.1029/2002JD003093, 2003. von Hoyningen-Huene, W., Freitag, M., and Burrows, J. B.: Retrieval of aerosol optical thickness over land surfaces from top-of-atmosphere radiance, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D9), 4260, doi:10.1029/2001JD002018, 2003. von Hoyningen-Huene, W., Kokhanovsky, A. A., Wuttke, M. W., Buchwitz, M., Noël, S., Gerilowski, K., Burrows, J. P., Latter, B., Siddans, R., and Kerridge, B. J.: Validation of SCIAMACHY top-of-atmosphere reflectance for aerosol remote sensing using MERIS L1 data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 97–106, doi:10.5194/acp-7-97-2007, 2007. Wenig, M., Spichtinger, N., Stohl, A., Held, G., Beirle, S., Wagner, T., Jähne, B., and Platt, U.: Intercontinental transport of nitrogen oxide pollution plumes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 387–393, doi:10.5194/acp-3-387-2003, 2003.