Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions
www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net
1867-8610
3
2
2010
10.5194/amtd-3-1775-2010
http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/3/1775/2010/
http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/3/1775/2010/amtd-3-1775-2010.html
http://www.atmos-meas-tech-discuss.net/3/1775/2010/amtd-3-1775-2010.pdf
1775
1805
2010-04-15
High time-resolution chemical characterization of the water-soluble fraction of ambient aerosols with PILS-TOC-IC and AMS
H. Timonen
hilkka.timonen@fmi.fi
M. Aurela
S. Carbone
K. Saarnio
S. Saarikoski
T. Mäkelä
D. R. Worsnop
M. Kulmala
V.-M. Kerminen
R. Hillamo
Air Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
A particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) was coupled with a total organic
carbon analyzer (TOC) and two ion chromatographs (IC) to enable high
time-resolution measurements of water-soluble ions and water-soluble organic
carbon (WSOC) by a single sampling and analytical set-up. The new high
time-resolution measurement system, the PILS-TOC-IC, was able to provide
essential chemical and physical information about fast changes in
composition, concentrations and likely sources of the water-soluble fraction
of atmospheric aerosol. The concentrations of major water-soluble ions and
WSOC were measured by the PILS-TOC-IC system from 25 April to 28 May 2009.
The data of the PILS-TOC-IC setup was completed with the data from the
High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) data
measured from 25 April to 8 May 2009. The measured water-soluble
particulate organic matter (WSPOM) concentration varied typically from 0.10
to 8.8 µg m<sup>−3</sup> (on average 1.5 µg m<sup>−3</sup>). The WSPOM
contributed on average 51% to particulate organic matter (POM) measured
with the AMS. The correlation between the data of all the online measurement
devices (AMS, PILS-TOC-IC, semicontinous EC/OC carbon analyzer and TEOM) was
excellent. For sulfate, nitrate and ammonium the correlations between the
PILS-TOC-IC and AMS were 0.93, 0.96 and 0.96, respectively. The correlation
between WSPOM and POM was also strong (<i>r</i>=0.88).
<br><br>
The identified sources of WSPOM were long-range transported biomass burning
and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. The WSPOM/POM-ratio
followed the trends of the ambient daytime temperature. The temperature
dependency of the WSPOM/POM-ratio suggest that in the absence of emissions
from biomass burning, the SOA formation was the prevailing source for WSPOM.
WSPOM produced in biomass burning was clearly correlated with carbon
monoxide, confirming that biomass burning was producing primary WSPOM. In
addition, elevated oxalate and potassium concentrations were measured during
the biomass burning episode.
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